Russia’s controversial “sovereign internet” law came into force on November 1, 2019. The law essentially provides Kremlin officials with extensive power to restrict web traffic by requiring providers to install equipment that identifies sources of web traffic and filters content. In addition, the law requires the creation of a homegrown version of the internet’s address book, the domain name system (DNS), which would make it easier for authorities to redirect web traffic without Russian users noticing. This part is technically complex, and will be ready at the earliest in 2021. The law gives the government the ability to block access to content deemed a national security threat, with the aim of making Russia’s internet independent.
Proponents of the new law claim it will protect the Russian segment of the internet from foreign intervention, and will help guard the country against cyberattacks. On the other hand, critics of the law argue that it will lead to widespread censorship and surveillance by Russian intelligence agencies. Thousands of Russians have protested against the law earlier this year, and civil society groups have also reacted with concern, claiming it gives the government too much power and could jeopardize the Russian people’s right to freedom of speech and information online.
